ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Pneumococcal, Influenza, Hepatitis B, and Tetanus Vaccination Rate and Vaccine Awareness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastalarda Pnömokok, İnfluenza, Hepatit B, Tetanoz Aşılama Oranları ve Aşı Farkındalığı
Received Date : 05 Apr 2020
Accepted Date : 23 Jul 2020
Available Online : 31 Aug 2020
Arzu Cennet IŞIK, Seydahmet AKIN, Nazire ALADAĞ, Ersin Engin ŞİMŞEK*
University of Health Sciences Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Clinic of Internal Medicine, İstanbul, TURKEY
*University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital Clinic of Family Medicine, İstanbul, TURKEY
Doi: 10.25179/tjem.2020-75288 - Makale Dili: EN
Turk J Endocrinol Metab. 2020;24:327-334
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to determine the vaccination
rates and the levels of awareness on pneumococcal, influenza,
tetanus and hepatitis B vaccination among patients
with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and Methods:
The study was performed on patients with DM who presented
to the outpatient Clinic of Internal Disease at Kartal Dr.
Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital. Patients were asked to fill out a
questionnaire regarding their vaccination status, attitude,
and awareness about vaccines. Results: A total of 293 patients
[121 (41.3%) males and 172 (58.7%) females] with
a mean age of 65 years were included in the study. The
mean duration of diabetes was 15 years. Overall, 47.8% of
patients reported awareness about the need for vaccination
while the rate of being unvaccinated was 52.2%. Reasons
for the lack of vaccination were as follows: 67.3% of patients
were unaware of the reason for not receiving vaccines;
17.5% patients did not want to be vaccinated; 13.3% patients
reported that their physicians did not recommend vaccination;
1.5% reported unavailability of vaccines, and 0.4%
reported negligence. Among vaccinated cases, 34.1% were
vaccinated against flu; 20.8% against tetanus; 9.9% against
pneumonia; 7.8% against hepatitis; and 5.1% received vaccination
for other diseases. Conclusion: The levels of vaccine
awareness and vaccination rates are low among diabetic
patients. It is essential to raise vaccination awareness
among this patient population. The health authorities and
departments need to develop effective strategies to increase
vaccination rates across the country.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; pneumococcal vaccine; influenza vaccine; hepatitis B vaccine; tetanus vaccine
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma, Tip 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) hastalarında
aşılama oranlarını ve pnömokok, influenza, tetanoz ile
hepatit B aşısı konusunda farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, Kartal Dr.
Lütfi Kırdar Şehir Hastanesi İç Hastalıkları Kliniğine başvuran
DM’li hastalar üzerinde yapıldı. Hastalardan aşı durumları,
tutumları ve aşılarla ilgili farkındalıkları hakkında bir
anket doldurmaları istendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, yaş ortalaması
65 yıl olan toplam 293 [121 (%41,3)’i erkek, 172
(%58,7)’si kadın] hasta dâhil edildi. Ortalama diyabet süresi
15 yıl idi. Genel olarak, hastaların %47,8’i aşılama ihtiyacı
konusunda farkındalık bildirirken, aşı yaptırmama oranı
da %52,2 idi. Hastaların %67,3’ü aşı olmama nedeninin farkında
değildi. Yüzde 17,5 hasta aşı olmak istemediğini
belirtirken; %13,3’ü, hekimlerinin kendilerine aşıyı önermediğini
belirtti. Ayrıca hastaların %1,5’i aşıları bulamadığını,
%0,4’ü de aşı olmayı ihmal ettiğini bildirdi. Aşılanan
olguların %34,1’i grip aşısı; %20,8’i tetanoz; %9,9’u pnömoni;
%7,8’i hepatit ve %5,1’i de diğer hastalıklara karşı
aşılanmıştır. Sonuç: Diyabetik hastalarda aşı farkındalığı ve
aşılama oranları düşük olarak bulundu. Bu hasta popülasyonunda
aşılama bilincinin artırılması esastır. Sağlık yetkilileri
ve kuruluşlarının, ülke genelinde aşılama oranlarını
artırmak için etkili stratejiler geliştirmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Diabetes mellitus; pnömokok aşısı; influenza aşısı; hepatit B aşısı; tetanoz aşısı
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